What causes infertility?

When you’re given a diagnosis for a medical condition, the first question you tend to ask is “What caused this?” or “How did I get it?” While it may be distressing to learn about the potential causes that led to your medical issue, it’s important to learn about what contributed to the diagnosis. That way you’re able to determine if there is any way to reverse the effects or prevent it from worsening. 

Infertility is experienced by millions of people around the globe, but not everyone’s case has the same cause. So what can actually cause infertility? That’s what we’re here to answer.

Read on to learn about the ins and out of infertility as well as the potential causes that can lead to it.

What is infertility?

Infertility refers to the inability to conceive after one year of sexual intercourse without using a form of birth control. The ability to conceive reduces as people age, which is why the time frame for an infertility diagnosis is reduced to six months for females over the age of 35. 

Being unable to conceive can take a toll on your mental and emotional health, but it’s important to remember that you’re not alone. Infertility impacts millions of people across the globe, with 1 in 6 people being unable to conceive after one year of unprotected sex. That adds up to more than 180 million individuals.

Infertility can affect both males and females, with 9% of men and 11% of women struggling with fertility problems in the United States. While many individuals are diagnosed with infertility, couples can be as well, with up to 15% of couples in the U.S. struggling to conceive. 

Some people may mix up infertility with impaired fecundity. While infertility means that a person or couple is unable to get pregnant after one year of trying, impaired fecundity refers to the physical difficulty of getting pregnant as well as carrying a pregnancy to term for a live birth.

Potential causes of infertility in females

When a couple is infertile, it can be due to an issue with either partner or a combination of both. But the causes for infertility are different between males and females. Let’s start off by looking at a few possible reasons for infertility in females.

Potential causes of infertility in females include:

• PCOS — Polycystic ovarian syndrome stems from hormonal dysregulation that causes abnormal hormone secretion and insulin resistance. This can lead to infertility because the hormonal imbalance interferes with ovulation. It can also cause irregular menstrual cycles and the formation of cysts on the ovaries.

• Endometriosis — Tissue inside of the uterus is called the endometrium. Endometriosis is a condition that causes uterine tissue to grow outside of the uterus, such as in the ovaries and fallopian tubes. The endometrium-like tissue, called endometrial implants, can block the fallopian tubes or cause scar tissue that can interfere with the fertilization of the egg.

• Early menopause — Females start to go through menopause between the ages of 45 and 55. If you stop menstruating before the age of 40, you’re experiencing primary ovarian insufficiency, also known as early menopause. That means that your ovaries are no longer producing normal amounts of estrogen or regularly releasing eggs, which can cause infertility.

Potential causes of infertility in males

Let’s take a look at the possible reasons that a male could experience infertility. If a man is infertile, it likely means that there’s an issue with their sperm in some capacity. There are multiple causes that can result in a male having sperm issues.

Potential causes of male infertility include:

• Abnormal sperm function — If a male has atypical sperm production or function, it can be caused by a variety of conditions such as undescended testicles, genetic defects or sexually transmitted diseases. Health problems like diabetes can also have an impact on sperm quality.

• Sperm delivery issues — Sometimes the problem isn’t with the sperm itself, but with the sperm being delivered to the egg. This can be due to premature ejaculation, a blockage in the testicle or a genetic disease. Reproductive organ injury or damage can also contribute to sperm delivery issues.

• Environmental factors -— Being overexposed to toxins and chemicals can be a potential cause of male infertility. This includes pesticides and radiation. Excessive exposure to intense heat, such as hot tubs or saunas, has also been known to contribute to fertility issues.

Risk factors of infertility

Not all infertility cases have an explanation for the cause, with 30% of couples being diagnosed with unexplained infertility. But there are also risk factors that can increase the likelihood of infertility in both males and females, including:

• Age.
• Smoking tobacco.
• Heavy alcohol use.
• Being overweight or underweight.

Fertility Cloud can help couples with infertility

As we’ve discussed, there are many potential causes of infertility both in females and males. But regardless of the cause, if there is one at all, there is treatment available to increase your chance of conception. That’s where we come in.
If you’re ready to treat infertility, contact our team by phone today for more information or book an initial appointment online with a fertility specialist.

While we work diligently to provide the most accurate and up-to-date information available, it’s important to remember that every individual’s fertility journey is unique. The advice and content on this blog are intended for general informational purposes only and may not apply to your specific situation. Fertility-related concerns should always be addressed by a licensed healthcare provider who can assess your personal health history and offer tailored advice. It is crucial to seek professional medical guidance to ensure that any treatments or recommendations align with your individual needs. Please consult with your doctor or a fertility specialist for a more personalized and thorough evaluation.

Can an ovarian cyst cause infertility?

Ovarian cysts are a common occurrence in women of reproductive age. While most cysts are harmless and resolve on their own, there are certain types of ovarian cysts that can cause complications, including infertility. Understanding the relationship between ovarian cysts and infertility is crucial for women who are planning to conceive or struggling to get pregnant. In this article, we will explore the different types and causes of ovarian cysts, the link between ovarian cysts and hormonal imbalances, how ovarian cysts can affect ovulation, the symptoms of ovarian cysts that warrant medical attention, the diagnosis process, treatment options for ovarian cysts, and fertility treatments for women with ovarian cysts.

Understanding Ovarian Cysts: Types and Causes

Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop on or within the ovaries. They are classified into two main types: functional cysts and pathological cysts.

Functional cysts are the most common type and usually develop as a result of the menstrual cycle. They are further divided into follicular cysts and corpus luteum cysts. Follicular cysts occur when a follicle fails to release an egg during ovulation, causing the follicle to continue growing. Corpus luteum cysts occur when the empty follicle sac does not shrink after releasing the egg.

Pathological cysts, on the other hand, are less common and can be caused by various factors such as endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), or ovarian tumors.

Functional cysts, specifically follicular cysts, are often harmless and resolve on their own within a few menstrual cycles. However, in some cases, they can grow larger and cause symptoms such as pelvic pain, bloating, or pressure. Corpus luteum cysts, on the other hand, may cause the ovary to twist or bleed, leading to sudden and severe lower abdominal pain.

Pathological cysts, including those associated with conditions like endometriosis or PCOS, may require medical intervention depending on their size and symptoms. Endometriomas, a type of cyst linked to endometriosis, can cause chronic pelvic pain and fertility issues. Ovarian tumors, although often benign, can sometimes be cancerous and require prompt diagnosis and treatment.

The Link Between Ovarian Cysts and Hormonal Imbalances

Ovarian cysts and hormonal imbalances often go hand in hand. Hormones play a vital role in the development and maturation of ovarian follicles. When hormonal imbalances occur, they can disrupt the normal functioning of the ovaries and lead to the formation of cysts.

Conditions such as PCOS, in which elevated levels of androgens (male hormones) are present, can result in the development of multiple cysts on the ovaries. Additionally, hormonal imbalances can affect the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which are necessary for ovulation to occur.

Moreover, hormonal imbalances can also impact the delicate feedback loop between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and ovaries known as the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Disruption in this axis can lead to irregular menstrual cycles, anovulation, and the formation of cysts. Estrogen and progesterone, two key female hormones, need to be in balance for the ovaries to function optimally and prevent the development of cysts.

It is important to note that hormonal imbalances can be influenced by various factors such as stress, diet, exercise, and underlying medical conditions. Seeking medical advice and proper hormone testing can help identify any imbalances and guide appropriate treatment options to restore hormonal equilibrium and reduce the risk of ovarian cyst formation.

How Ovarian Cysts Affect Ovulation

Ovarian cysts can interfere with ovulation, which is the release of a mature egg from the ovary. When a functional cyst develops and does not rupture or shrink, it can prevent the release of an egg during the monthly menstrual cycle. This can lead to difficulties in getting pregnant.

In some cases, a cyst may rupture, causing pain and temporary disruption of the menstrual cycle. While most ruptured cysts are harmless and resolve on their own, severe pain or complications may occur, requiring medical attention.

It’s important to note that not all ovarian cysts negatively impact ovulation. Some cysts, known as follicular cysts, actually support the ovulation process by releasing the egg. These cysts typically disappear on their own within a few menstrual cycles without causing any issues.

Furthermore, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition that can cause multiple cysts to develop on the ovaries. Women with PCOS often experience irregular periods and difficulties with ovulation, which can affect fertility. Managing PCOS through lifestyle changes, medication, and sometimes fertility treatments can help improve ovulation and increase the chances of conception.

Symptoms of Ovarian Cysts: When to Seek Help

Most ovarian cysts do not cause noticeable symptoms and resolve without treatment. However, certain symptoms may indicate the presence of an ovarian cyst that requires medical evaluation:

1. Persistent pelvic pain or pressure
2. Pain during intercourse
3. Irregular menstrual cycles
4. Abdominal bloating or swelling
5. Changes in bowel habits
6. Urinary urgency or frequency

If you experience any of these symptoms or have concerns about your reproductive health, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider for proper evaluation and diagnosis.

Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that can develop on the ovaries. While most ovarian cysts are harmless and often go away on their own, some may cause complications if left untreated. It is essential to monitor any symptoms you may experience and seek medical advice if you have concerns.

In addition to the symptoms mentioned above, other signs of ovarian cysts may include nausea, vomiting, breast tenderness, and fatigue. It is crucial to note that these symptoms can be indicative of various gynecological conditions, so a proper diagnosis from a healthcare provider is necessary for appropriate management.

Diagnosing Ovarian Cysts: Tests and Procedures

If ovarian cysts are suspected, a healthcare provider may recommend one or more diagnostic tests and procedures to confirm the presence of cysts and determine their characteristics:

• Transvaginal ultrasound: This non-invasive imaging technique uses sound waves to create detailed images of the ovaries, allowing the healthcare provider to visualize the cysts.
• Blood tests: Hormone levels, such as estradiol and progesterone, may be assessed to evaluate hormonal imbalances that could contribute to cyst development.
• MRI or CT scan: These imaging tests provide a more comprehensive view of the ovaries and can assist in differentiating between benign cysts and tumors.
• Laparoscopy: In some cases, a surgical procedure called laparoscopy may be performed to directly visualize the ovaries and remove or biopsy cysts.

The choice of diagnostic tests will depend on various factors, including the severity of symptoms, medical history, and the healthcare provider’s clinical judgment.

It is important to note that while most ovarian cysts are harmless and resolve on their own, some may cause symptoms such as pelvic pain, bloating, or changes in menstrual cycles. In rare cases, cysts may rupture or cause complications that require medical intervention.

Additionally, healthcare providers may also consider other diagnostic tools such as CA-125 blood tests, which measure a protein often elevated in women with ovarian cancer. However, it is essential to interpret these results in conjunction with other imaging studies and clinical findings to make an accurate diagnosis.

Treatment Options for Ovarian Cysts

The treatment of ovarian cysts depends on several factors, such as the size, type, and symptoms associated with the cysts. In many cases, functional cysts resolve on their own without any intervention. However, if the cysts are persistent, large, causing severe pain, or interfering with fertility, treatment options may include:

• Watchful waiting: For small, asymptomatic cysts, a healthcare provider may recommend regular monitoring to ensure the cysts resolve on their own.
• Hormonal contraceptives: Birth control pills or other hormonal contraceptives may be prescribed to regulate the menstrual cycle and prevent the formation of new cysts.
• Surgical removal: If the cysts are large, causing severe pain, or suspected to be cancerous, surgical removal may be necessary. The procedure can be performed laparoscopically or through open surgery, depending on the size and characteristics of the cysts.

The choice of treatment will be individualized based on the specific circumstances and needs of each patient.

It is important for individuals with ovarian cysts to maintain open communication with their healthcare providers to ensure appropriate management and monitoring of the condition. In addition to the treatment options mentioned above, lifestyle modifications such as regular exercise and a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains may help support overall reproductive health and hormonal balance.

Furthermore, for individuals experiencing symptoms such as sudden and severe abdominal or pelvic pain, fever, vomiting, or faintness, immediate medical attention should be sought as these could be signs of a ruptured cyst or ovarian torsion, which require prompt evaluation and treatment to prevent complications.

Fertility Treatments for Women with Ovarian Cysts

For women who are trying to conceive and have been diagnosed with ovarian cysts that are affecting their fertility, fertility treatments may be recommended. The specific treatment options will depend on the underlying cause of the cysts and other factors influencing fertility.

In some cases, hormonal treatments, such as medications to induce ovulation or regulate hormone levels, may be prescribed to help women with cyst-related fertility issues. These medications can assist in promoting normal ovulation and increasing the chances of successful conception.

In more complex cases, assisted reproductive technologies (ART), such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), may be recommended. IVF involves stimulating the ovaries to produce multiple mature eggs, retrieving the eggs, fertilizing them in the laboratory, and transferring the resulting embryos into the uterus.

It’s important to note that lifestyle factors, such as maintaining a healthy weight, managing stress levels, and avoiding smoking, can also play a significant role in improving fertility outcomes for women with ovarian cysts. Additionally, dietary choices rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and minerals can support reproductive health and potentially aid in reducing the formation of cysts.

Furthermore, regular monitoring and follow-up with a fertility specialist are crucial for women undergoing treatment for ovarian cysts. This allows for adjustments to be made to the treatment plan as needed and ensures that the best possible care is provided throughout the fertility journey.

In Conclusion

While ovarian cysts are a common occurrence, certain types of cysts can cause complications, including infertility. Understanding the types, causes, and effects of ovarian cysts on fertility is crucial for women who are planning to conceive or experiencing difficulties in getting pregnant. If you suspect the presence of ovarian cysts or have concerns about your reproductive health, it is important to consult with a healthcare provider to receive proper evaluation, diagnosis, and, if necessary, appropriate treatment options tailored to your specific needs.

Do you suspect that you might be dealing with infertility? Some indicators can signal that you might be infertile, but if you’re still uncertain, you can always seek to get tested. Testing can offer a more formal diagnosis than going off of signs and symptoms. 

Need help to figure out what some of the symptoms are? Here are the most common indicators and when you should seek out help from an infertility professional.

What are some of the most common indicators of infertility?

It can be tricky to determine if you’re dealing with infertility and trying to pinpoint its source. Here are a few common signs and symptoms that can signal to a couple that they might be dealing with infertility:

• Not being able to get pregnant after a year — Most fertility doctors recommend that patients try to conceive for at least a year before seeking fertility treatment. Around a year is usually the time it takes for couples to be able to determine if they’re dealing with infertility.

• Being over 35 years of age — Another common sign of infertility is being over 35 years old. After the age of 35, a person’s ability to conceive is reduced. This is especially true for women.

• Changes in hair growth — Another sign of infertility is any change in hair growth. Hair growth changes can indicate fluctuations in hormone levels, which have the potential to negatively affect someone’s chances of conceiving.

• Changes in sex drive or function — Any changes in sex drive or sexual function can also be a sign of infertility. A decrease in sex drive and sexual function can indicate fluctuations in hormones that promote pregnancy.

• Having irregular periods and ovulation — It’s also a sign of infertility if you have irregular periods or irregular ovulation. Abnormal menstrual cycles are often a symptom of infertility, and the same goes for abnormal ovulation schedules.

When should you seek help with your infertility?

You don’t have to deal with infertility on your own. You can rely on an experienced infertility doctor to provide you with the information and treatment you need to increase your chances of pregnancy. But when do you know it’s the right time to seek some extra support? 

• After one year of trying — If you and your partner have been trying to get pregnant for a year or more with no success, it’s time for you to get some extra support. After a year, it may be more productive to use the expertise of a specialist who can identify the source of your infertility and subsequently address it.

• If you’re younger than 35 years old — If you and your partner are younger than 35 years old and have tried to get pregnant for at least a year with no success, you should seek help. It’s more common for those over the age of 35 to experience troubles, but problems under 35 can indicate the need for an infertility doctor.

Why choose Fertility Cloud for help with your infertility?

At Fertility Cloud, we value shared experiences. We want to help you navigate your struggles and celebrate your victories. Our team of experienced medical providers is dedicated to providing you with compassionate and professional care. Through every step of the way, we’ll do our very best to ensure your comfort and guide you through the fertility process. We know that infertility can cause uncertainty and can even be, at times, unpleasant. That’s why we’re committed to servicing each of our clients with empathy.  

At Fertility Cloud, everything is done remotely, from your communication with your doctor to your fertility tests. Appointments are conducted virtually, via live videoconferencing. All that’s required of you is either a computer, smartphone or tablet to join the call. The typical appointment takes around 30 minutes. You’ll undergo an initial consultation, and subsequent treatment will be monitored for at least three months. We’re confident we can provide you with the answers you’re looking for regarding your reproductive health and fertility options.

We understand that finding convenient, high-quality medical care can be a challenge. That’s why we’ve selected some of the best reproductive endocrinology specialists out there to provide you with easily accessible digital services. Each one of our doctors is board-certified and state licensed.

Are you hoping to start the conversation about your chances of getting pregnant? Do you have more questions that haven’t been answered by the information in this article? We recognize that infertility can be difficult to talk about, and we’re here for you. Our team is ready to answer your questions and explore your treatment options
Contact our team by phone today for more information or book an initial appointment online with a fertility specialist.

Introduction to Infertility

Infertility is a topic that can be challenging to talk about. It’s a source of discomfort for couples all over the world, affecting nearly 1 in 6 people across the world. If you’re personally experiencing infertility in some form or another, you may be interested in information on infertility doctors. Did you know that there are virtual infertility doctors? They provide the same level of care that in-person doctors do, and a few added benefits. You can find out more about these benefits by reading further.

Why might someone visit a virtual infertility doctor?

There are a lot of reasons why a person might want to visit with an infertility specialist. If you’ve been considering scheduling an appointment with an infertility doctor, you may be interested to know what some of the most common reasons for visits are: 

• You have tried to conceive for more than 12 months — One of the common reasons for infertility doctor visits is that a couple has tried to conceive for at least 12 months without any success. Many couples who visit infertility specialists report having trouble with conception for extended periods.

• You’ve experienced more than one miscarriage — A second common reason for a visit with a specialist is that a couple has experienced more than one miscarriage. Several miscarriages can indicate an underlying problem that may need attention from an infertility professional.

• You’re older than 35 years old — For couples who are 35 years of age or older, conception may be more of a challenge. It’s typically more difficult to get pregnant the older one gets, which could be a contributing factor to your infertility. 

• You have irregular periods — Another reason to visit an infertility specialist about getting pregnant is if you’re someone who has irregular periods. If you can’t predict your next period or your flow can be abnormally heavy, you may benefit from speaking with a professional.

• You’ve been diagnosed with endometriosis — If you’ve been diagnosed with a condition like endometriosis, you may have an increased risk of infertility. 

• You have thyroid disease — If you’ve been diagnosed with thyroid disease, you may also be at an increased risk of infertility. Many women with thyroid issues can benefit from the services of a virtual infertility doctor.

• You have polycystic ovarian syndrome — Women dealing with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) may also experience infertility problems.

What are some of the benefits of virtual infertility doctors?

Virtual infertility doctors can help a variety of patients work through their issues with conceiving. Not sure why you should consider a virtual specialist over an in-person specialist? Several benefits make it worthwhile. Seeking care from a virtual infertility is

• Cost effective — One of the top benefits of virtual infertility doctors is that they can be cost effective. Virtual care can, in some cases, be more affordable for clients than in-person care. Some insurance companies may be more likely to cover the cost of virtual appointments than in person appointments.

• Convenient — Another benefit of virtual infertility doctors is that they can provide convenient care to their clients. Online appointments eliminate the need for in-office wait times and transportation needs, and can be carried out in whatever environment you choose.

• Accessible —  Studies show that telemedicine clinics are becoming more popular among those who have limited access to consultations and treatment. Telehealth provides a degree of accessibility for those with transportation issues or busy schedules. For some, in-person  treatment can be hours down the road or out of the way. Virtual treatment can allow a couple quick and easy access to treatment that they might otherwise struggle to get in person.

• Comfortable — Virtual infertility treatment can be more comfortable than in-person appointments. Virtual appointments can be conducted wherever you’re most comfortable, like in your bedroom or your favorite spot outside. In addition, having the option to be treated by a doctor online may be what gives you the courage to take the first step in your fertility journey.

Why should you choose Fertility Cloud

At Fertility Cloud, we believe that making the benefits of fertility treatment more accessible to people everywhere is important. That’s why we provide virtual fertility services.  We want to help you navigate your struggles and celebrate your victories in a manner that works most conveniently for you. Our team of experienced medical providers is dedicated to providing you with compassionate and professional care. Through every step of the way, we’ll do our very best to ensure your comfort and guide you through the fertility process.  

At Fertility Cloud, everything is done remotely, from your communication with your doctor to your fertility tests. Appointments are conducted virtually, via live videoconferencing. All that’s required of you is either a computer, smartphone or tablet to join the call. The typical appointment takes around 30 minutes. You’ll undergo an initial consultation, and subsequent treatment will be monitored for at least three months. We’re confident we can provide you with the answers you’re looking for regarding your reproductive health and fertility options.

We understand that finding convenient, high-quality medical care can be a challenge. That’s why we’ve selected some of the best reproductive endocrinology specialists out there to provide you with easily accessible digital services. Each one of our doctors is board-certified and state licensed.

Are you hoping to start the conversation about infertility? Do you have more questions that haven’t yet been addressed? We’re here to guide you through all your questions and concerns. Our team knows that infertility can be hard to talk about, and we’re committed to providing you with the utmost care and respect. If you’re looking for more information on virtual infertility doctors and treatment, don’t hesitate to reach out to us. 
Contact our team by phone today for more information or book an initial appointment online with a fertility specialist.